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Milk, Adulteration and Richness of, Tested

For testing the richness of milk a very simple instrument has been invented, known as the lactometer, or galactometer. It consists of a glass tube graduated to a hundred parts. New milk is poured in as far as the top of the graduated part and allowed to stand. When the cream has completely separated, the value of its quality is shown by the number of parts in the hundred which it fills. Another form of instrument has been invented by Doeffel. In it we have a small hydrometer, with a scale two inches in length marked off into twenty degrees; the zero being placed at the point where the instrument sinks in water, and the twentieth degree corresponding with the density 10383. Doeffel's instrument is much in use on the Continent. Fourteen degrees is held to show milk unadulterated with water.