Important: Safety Warning
This page describes trade processes that use dangerously toxic materials such as cyanide solutions, mercury amalgams, or strong acids. These processes require training, equipment, and precautions far beyond what the text describes.
In addition, this page describes additives or treatments for food or drink that are now known to be toxic and are prohibited in food today.
This information has been left in for historical purposes but should not be acted upon.
Distillation
Distillation (Object of distillation)
THE object of distillation is the preparation of alcohol or pure spirits, which is obtained from brandy, rum, arrack and whiskey, prepared…
Liqueurs
To make Ratafia d'Angelique. Take of angelica seeds, 1 dr.; stalks of angelica, bitter almonds, blanched, each 4 oz.; proof spirit, 12…
Cordials
proof spirit, 1 gall.; sugar, 1½ lbs. Digest for 6 | Hungary-water, honey-water, eau de Cologne, and hours. Creme d'Orange of Superior…
Compound Spirits, or Cordials
General Rules. The perfection of this grand branch of distillery depends upon the observation of the following general rules, which are…
Factitious Liquors (Take lbs of cherries half red)
Take 72 lbs. of cherries, half red and half black, mash or squeeze them to pieces with the hands, and add to them 3 galls. of brandy…
Factitious Liquors (Much of the wine and spirits)
Much of the wine and spirits sold is factitious. In some cases the ingredients added are not infer'or in their character; in others alcohol…
Brandies and Whiskeys, Factitious
Curacoa. Common whiskey, 5 galls; fresh orange-peel, 4 lbs.; oil of bitter almonds, oil of cassia, of each, 1 dr.; oil of lemon, 2 drs…
Brandies
Cognac Brandy. Neutral spirits, 4 galls.; a gall. of honey dissolved in water, 2 pts.; Jamaica rum, 1 gall.; catechu, oz.; butyric ether, 1…
Whiskeys
Irish Whiskey. Neutral spirits, 4 galls.; refined sugar, 3 lbs., in water, 4 qts.; creasote, 4 drops; color with 4 oz. of burnt sugar.
Essential Oils (General Directions)
General Directions. The quantity of volatile oil yielded by a plant will depend upon the part employed, the season, and the period of…
Essential Oils (Dippel's Oil)
Dippel's Oil. Obtained from hartshorn, distilled without addition, rectifying the oil, either by a slow distillation in a retort, etc., no…
Distilled Waters (Preservation of Flowers)
Preservation of Flowers for Distillation. Rub 3 lb. of rose-leaves for 2 or 3 minutes with 1 lb. of common salt. The flowers being bruised…
Distilled Waters (Plied the oil or essential)
plied, the oil, or essential water, is to be obtained | heat just warm enough to prevent burning; by in the common way. Both the oil and…
Distillation (Take of spearmint leaves fresh)
Take of spearmint leaves, fresh, any quantity; water, 3 times as much. Distil as long as the liquor which comes over has a considerable…
Another (Take of oil of peppermint lb)
Take of oil of peppermint, 1 lb.; water, a sufficient quantity. Draw off 30 galls. This is stimulant and carminative, and covers…
Compound Distilled Waters (General Rules)
General Rules for the Distillation of Spirituous Waters. 1. The plants and their parts ought to be moderately and newly dried, except such…
Compound Distilled Waters (Mot whose parts have been)
mot, whose parts have been previously well divided by trituration with lump-sugar, in a glass mortar, Now distill by a water heat, and draw…
Distillation (Take galls of the best wine)
Take 30 galls. of the best wine spirit, pour it into a copper still, placed in a hot-water bath, over a clear but steady fire; put to it 6…
Acid Liquors
Vinegar. (Impure Dilute Acetic Acid.) Vinegar is made by the oxidation of alcohol, either directly or through the medium of a ferment, or…
Vinegar
It is imitated by adding acetic ether and coloring | sure; fill quickly to the mark with boiling water, matter to vinegar made from…
Test Liquors, Test Papers, Etc (Take parts common salt of oil)
Take 3 parts common salt, 5 of oil of vitriol, and 5 of water. Mix the oil of vitriol with 2 parts of water in a thin glass vessel, and…
Test Liquors, Test Papers, Etc (Distilled water only should be)
Distilled water only should be used in these preparations. In preparing the papers the liquid should be placed in an earthenware plate or…
Saline Carbonated Waters
The following afford approximate imitations of these waters. The earthy salts, with salts of iron, should be dissolved together in the…
Sulphuretted Waters
Simple Sulphuretted Water. Pass sulphuretted hydrogen into cold water (previously deprived of air by boiling, and cooled in a closed…
Chalybeate Waters
Simple Chalybeate Water. Water freed from air by boiling, 1 pt.; sulphate of iron, gr.
Fixed Oils, Etc
mix them together, and pour the essence of lemon | Begin by washing the oil with spring-water; upon them, by a few drops at a time…
Fixed Oils
To make Oil of Sweet Almonds. It is usually made from bitter almonds for cheapness, or from old Jordan almonds, by heat, the oil from which…
Animal Oils and Fats
Hog's Lard. This is obtained like the rest of the animal fats, from the raw lard, by chopping it fine, or rather rolling it out, to break…
Perfumery (Leaden pipes of inches)
leaden pipes of 2 inches diameter. Four tons of oil require 10 hours' straining. Palm oil is also bleached by chloride of lime. Take from 7…
Perfumery (Flowers roots and woods)
The flowers, roots, and woods employed in perfumery are nearly all grown abroad, and even when raised in the United States are seldom used…